hashimoto encehalopati

[Anisa]

Hashimoto’s Encephalopathy Presenting As An Acute Medical Emergency

A J Sommerfield, R Stimson, IW Campbell, Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Victoria Hospital, Hayfield Road, Kirkcaldy. Correspondence to: Professor I.W. Campbell, Victoria Hospital, Hayfield Road, Kirkcaldy, Scotland. e-mail: Jackie.Wallace@faht.scot.nhs.uk SMJ 2004 49(4): 155-156

Abstract

Abstract: Three cases are described of a reversible encephalopathy, all presenting with marked neurological disturbance. In all three, the diagnosis was not clear at the time of presentation but eventually it was felt all of the cases were consistent with Hashimoto’s encephalopathy. The diagnosis of Hashimoto’s encephalopathy should be considered in any case of unexplained encephalopathy. Common features are high anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody titres, an abnormal EEG and an elevated CSF protein concentration. The encephalopathy is independent of thyroid hormonal status. Treatment with corticosteroids leads to a prompt resolution of symptoms and long term low dose steroid therapy prevents further neurological recurrence Key words: Hashimoto’s, acute, emergency, encephalopathy, medical.

[Anisa]

Hashimoto Encephalopathy. Syndrome or Myth?
Ji Y. Chong, MD; Lewis P. Rowland, MD; Robert D. Utiger, MD
Arch Neurol. 2003;60:164-171.

Case Review Aids Understanding of Hashimoto's Encephalopathy
JWatch Neurology 2003;2003:8-8.

The Uncertain Nosology of Hashimoto Encephalopathy
Schott et al. Arch Neurol 2003;60:1812-1812.

Potassium channel antibody-associated encephalopathy: a potentially immunotherapy-responsive form of limbic encephalitis
Vincent et al. Brain 2004;127:701-712.

Potentially reversible autoimmune limbic encephalitis with neuronal potassium channel antibody
Thieben et al. Neurology 2004;62:1177-1182.

Undetectable CSF hypocretin-1 in "Hashimoto's encephalopathy" associated with coma
Castillo et al. Neurology 2004;62:1909-1909.

Hashimoto's encephalopathy: steroid resistance and response to intravenous immunoglobulins
Jacob and Rajabally, J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 2005;76:455-456.

Hashimoto Encephalopathy with Pegylated Interferon Alfa-2b and Ribavirin
Deutsch et al. The Annals of Pharmacotherapy 2005;39:1745-1747.

Topical Review: Encephalopathy Associated With Hashimoto Thyroiditis: Pediatric Perspective
Watemberg et al. J Child Neurol 2006;21:1-5.

Steroid-Responsive Encephalopathy Associated With Autoimmune Thyroiditis
Castillo et al. Arch Neurol 2006;63:197-202.

What's in a NAIM?: Hashimoto Encephalopathy, Steroid-Responsive Encephalopathy Associated With Autoimmune Thyroiditis, or Nonvasculitic Autoimmune Meningoencephalitis?
Chong and Rowland. Arch Neurol 2006;63:175-176.

Long-Term Treatment of Hashimoto's Encephalopathy.
Marshall and Doyle. J. Neuropsychiatry Clin. Neurosi. 2006;18:14-20.

Psychiatric Presentation of Hashimoto's Encephalopathy
Arrojo et al. Psychosom. Med. 2007;69:200-201.

Hashimoto Encephalopathy Responding to Risperidone
Bismilla et al. J Child Neurol 2007;22:855-857.

Hashimoto Encephalopathy Following Iodine 131 (131I) Radiotherapy of Graves Disease
Dihne et al. Arch Neurol 2008;65:282-283.

Steroid-Responsive Encephalopathy Associated with Autoimmune Thyroiditis Presenting with Diffusion MR Imaging Changes
Grommes et al. Am. J. Neuroradiol. 2008;29:1550-1551.

Hashimoto's encephalopathy: an under diagnosed entity
Bhansali et al. BMJ Case Reports 2009;2009:bcr1220081355-bcr1220081355.

Autoimmune encephalopathy in Graves' disease: remission after total thyroidectomy
Gelosa et al. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 2009;80:698-699.

A case of Hashimoto encephalopathy in a Malay woman with Graves disease
Ngiu et al. BMJ Case Reports 2009;2009:bcr0120091501-bcr0120091501.

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[Mod]

Autoimmune encephalopathy in Graves' disease: remission after total thyroidectomy
Gelosa et al. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 2009;80:698-699.

A case of Hashimoto encephalopathy in a Malay woman with Graves disease
Ngiu et al. BMJ Case Reports 2009;2009:bcr0120091501-bcr0120091501.

A case of Hashimoto's encephalopathy associated with Graves' disease ("Hashimoto's encephalopathy should always be kept in mind in patients with Hashimoto's disease and Graves' disease.")


Hashimoto’s encephalopathy cases: Chinese experience
Cognitive Impairments in Hashimoto’s Encephalopathy: A Case-Control Study