Nye skjoldbrukskjertler av stamceller? (English)

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Building a Thyroid Gland from Scratch
Thyroid organogenesis in Bruxelles, Belgium

Three-dimensional cell culture is the flavour of the month, right now. But you don’t necessarily need fancy 3D scaf-folds for this. Sabine Costagliola managed to create functional follicular organoids from embryonic stem cells, just by genetic manipulation and the addition of a hormone.

Source /Read more: Labtimes.org (PDF)

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Thyroid is latest success in regenerative medicine.
Hormone-producing gland can be created from embryonic stem cells.

Remarkably, the stem-cell-derived thyroid cells spontaneously grouped into follicles similar to those in an intact thyroid gland. And Costagliola and her colleagues found that the follicles were able to trap iodide and synthesize thyroid hormones. “When started the project, our hope was to get some cells that could be used to study thyroid physiology,” says Costagliola. “We never expected to get thyroid follicles.” (...)

The next step was to see how these follicles would function in live mice, and to assess their potential to correct hypothyroidism. This condition was induced in mice with an injection of radioactive iodine that accumulated in their thyroid glands, causing the tissue to wither away. Four weeks later, once hypothyroidism had been established, the mice received a graft of stem-cell-derived thyroid follicles. Out of nine mice treated in this way, eight showed complete rescue — their thyroid hormones returned to normal levels.

Source / Read more: Nature.com or Generation of functional thyroid from embryonic stem cells (PDF Full)

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Stem Cells Used To Grow Functioning, Implantable Thyroid Gland

Researchers at the Free University of Belgium have unveiled what could be the new cool thing in the growing field of regenerative medicine — an implantable thyroid gland grown from stem cells. The thyroid, implanted in a mouse test subject for trials, even produced hormones as it was meant to, which is important because, well, it’s most of what the thyroid does, and if a replacement doesn’t do that, it’s not a very good replacement. But this one does, and may be, respectively, which is super cool in an abstract sense and even more so if you’re a family member of on of the millions of people affected by poorly functioning thyroid gland.

Source / Read more...

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Thyroid regeneration: how stem cells play a role?
Front. Endocrinol., 14 April 2014 | doi: 10.3389/fendo.2014.00055

Conclusion. We have begun understanding the nature of adult thyroid stem/progenitor cells and possible mechanisms of their involvement in thyroid regeneration when thyroid is damaged and requires repair. At least two models for thyroid repair are proposed involving different types of stem/progenitor cells; one for mature cells reprogramed back to immature endoderm lineage-committed progenitor cells, and the other involving cells that appear to be adult-resident stem/progenitor cells. Processes required for tissue repair may have many similarities to cancer development and metastasis, or may provide insight into the development of various other thyroid diseases. Understanding normal adult thyroid stem/progenitor cells and their involvement in thyroid repair should help better understand these diseases, hopefully leading to better diagnosis and/or treatment.

Source / Read more: Journal.frontiersin.org

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Researchers Create Thyroid Cells From Human Stem Cells

"We've shown very clearly that by pushing human embryonic stem cells into thyroid cells, these cells form follicles, and they function," Davies said. "They take up radioiodine and look like normal thyroid cells."

"What's interesting is that while putting transcription factors into human embryonic stem cells does start the program, those cells don't make thyroglobulin," Davies said. "They show a very little bit of thyroglobulin mRNA, but we've not been able to detect protein in those cells. We have to mature the cell further."

To do that, Davies and his team exposed the cells to activin A, moving them into a different differentiation phase in which they transformed into endodermal cells. The final step is to "hit them with thyroid stimulating hormone," Davies said.

"That activates the TSH receptor and takes them through to make thyroid follicles," he said. "Those thyroid follicles express lots of thyroglobulin and lots of thyroid peroxidase, and they take up radioiodine. So they seem to be good-looking thyroid follicles."

Source / Read more: Medpagetoday.com

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World's first 3D-bioprinted transplant-ready thyroid gland to be unveiled in early 2015

The first living organ, created with the use of 3D-bioprinter, will be released next year, Russian scientists announced. The experiment will start with a transplant-ready thyroid, with further work on a functional printed kidney scheduled for 2018.

The researchers from "3D Bioprinting Solutions" laboratory at the Skolkovo innovation center outside Moscow have set an exact date for the first three-dimensional organ to be bioprinted, saying the result of the "revolutionary" technology will be unveiled on March 15 next year.

The first organ to be created with a bioprinter, using stem cells as an 'ink', will be a thyroid gland. This body part has been chosen to launch the experiment for its "simplicity," according to the laboratory head of research, Vladimir Mironov. The professor hopes the thyroid will also be apparent in proving bioprinted organs compatibility with living organisms.

Source / Read more: Bioprinted Organ Transplant and...
Bioprinted Thyroid Gland by 2015, Kidney by 2018, Says Russian Scientists

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Snart kan vi lage levende organer med 3-D-printer

Russere vil printe skjoldbruskkjertel i år

"Mange eksperter advarer om at det vil vise seg ekstremt vanskelig å printe levedyktige erstatningsorganer, særlig når det gjelder så komplekse organer som hjernen. Dessuten er det vanskelig å printe nettverket av blodkar som behøves for å forsyne organer med oksygen og næringsstoffer.

Ikke desto mindre sier forskere ved universitetet i Pennsylvania at de har funnet en måte å trykke slike nettverk, og et russisk selskap, 3-D Bioprinting Solutions, har lovet at de i år skal printe en skjoldbruskkjertel, som er snørt sammen av blodkar. Andre forskere er i ferd med å printe vev til bukspyttkjertelen som kan hjelpe til med å kontrollere diabetes, virus som angriper kreftceller og organmodeller som kirurgene kan øve seg på eller som kan brukes til å lage medisinske apparater."

Les mer i Aftenposten Oppdatert: 21.mar. 2015 21:25

First Ever 3D Printed Thyroid Gland Announced by Russia’s 3D Bioprinting Solutions

"The transplantation is expected to take place very soon.."

"Here we are at the end of March, and the company has seemingly come through, holding a major press conference in Russia yesterday to announce their achievement. On March 12 the first ever thyroid gland for an animal — a mouse — was printed using the company’s patented bioprinting process. The goal here was to print a thyroid gland which could then be transplanted into a living mouse in order to further evaluate its capabilities.

The transplantation is expected to take place very soon, with researchers choosing to implant the organ into a mouse suffering from hypothyroidism, a condition which is caused by an lack of iodine in the body. Once implanted, they will evaluate the condition of the mouse and release the results of the study to the general public at the Second International Congress on Bioprinting in Singapore on July 9-10."

KIlde: http://3dprint.com/54159/3d-printed-thyroid-mouse/

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